A new study shows the anti-inflammatory effects of ibuprofen are not only beneficial for pain relief but also for fever management.
The study, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, involved patients who were taking ibuprofen. Researchers compared the effectiveness of ibuprofen, a common NSAID, with that of aspirin, an over-the-counter painkiller, and found that people taking the medications had higher concentrations of ibuprofen, which they consumed.
“Our findings show that ibuprofen and aspirin are safe and effective for treating mild to moderate pain,” said lead author Kim Kwan, PhD, professor of medicine and epidemiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, and lead researcher at the University of Auckland.
The findings are published online in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
“We have already observed that ibuprofen has analgesic activity for mild to moderate pain, but it has been demonstrated that ibuprofen is also effective for fever management,” said study co-author Paul Wesseling, M. D., PhD, a professor of medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and co-author of the study. “While there is no doubt that ibuprofen is safe and effective for pain management, it is still important to understand the potential benefits of ibuprofen for fever management and to consider the possible risks associated with its use.”
Kwan said that while this study was promising, it was not the first time that ibuprofen was shown to be effective for the management of fever.
The study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ibuprofen in combination with aspirin and paracetamol, which were both commonly used to treat mild to moderate pain.
Researchers analyzed the data in the journal, which is published online in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. They included both adults and children aged 2 to 17 years who were taking an NSAID such as ibuprofen and paracetamol. The researchers analyzed data on ibuprofen administration and found that ibuprofen was safe and effective in combination with aspirin and paracetamol.
The study was the first published to show that the combined use of ibuprofen with aspirin and paracetamol could reduce the risk of upper and lower respiratory tract infections.
“These results are promising because they show that ibuprofen and aspirin are safe and effective for treating mild to moderate pain,” said Kwan. “Aspirin is one of the most common NSAID medications, so it is not only safe to use, but also effective for reducing fever.
“While ibuprofen is not safe for daily use in children and adolescents, the use of ibuprofen and aspirin combined can be quite safe for children and adolescents,” he added. “Children taking the medication for more than two weeks are at an increased risk of developing serious upper and lower respiratory tract infections.
“The combination of ibuprofen and aspirin in children and adolescents can also lead to increased gastrointestinal symptoms in those under 2 years of age, including abdominal pain and diarrhea,” said Kwan.
The study authors wrote that while ibuprofen and aspirin may be effective for treating mild to moderate pain, it does not provide an absolute evidence-based treatment for fever or pain.
“We need to take the seriously ill of taking ibuprofen and aspirin, especially for children and adolescents, and look into their safety and efficacy for this kind of use,” said Wesseling. “The results from this study are promising because we now have evidence that they are safe and effective for the management of pain.”
The researchers also noted that their study was funded by Pfizer, Inc., a New Jersey-based pharmaceutical company. Pfizer is a member of the New York Stock Exchange, and the company was founded in 1999.
Read more“When it comes to treating fever, we know that ibuprofen is a safe and effective medication for treating mild to moderate pain,” said Wesseling. “It has been shown to be safe and effective for the management of pain, and therefore we now know that it may also be effective for reducing fever.
Ibuprofen is an over-the-counter (OTC) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used to reduce fever and pain. It is also used to reduce inflammation. It is most commonly used in people who have asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or have a history of stomach ulcers. However, ibuprofen has some risks and side effects. This article will cover some of the risks associated with ibuprofen and the risks of using it for a long period of time. This article will also provide some tips on how to minimize risks and maximize benefits of ibuprofen.
Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can cause side effects, including gastrointestinal irritation. However, there are some precautions and warnings that should be taken when using this medication. Here are some precautions to consider:
While ibuprofen is a safe and effective pain management medication, it should be used under the supervision of a healthcare professional. It can cause gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcers, and ulcers in the stomach and intestines, especially in those who are allergic to ibuprofen. This can increase the risk of bleeding. If you have any symptoms of a stomach ulcer or bleeding, consult your doctor before using ibuprofen. It is important to take this medication as directed, as this may increase the risk of stomach upset. In case of stomach bleeding, it is recommended to take two tablets a day.
It is important to have a healthy diet and exercise regularly while using ibuprofen. This can help reduce the risk of stomach upset and bleeding. It is also important to eat a balanced diet, exercise regularly, and to eat a healthy diet. However, you should not eat large meals or take more than one tablet per day. This medication can also increase the risk of stomach upset, especially if you have heart disease or heart rhythm problems. In addition, it can also cause gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcers in the stomach and intestines, especially if you have an ulcer or a bleeding ulcer in your stomach or intestines. If you have any symptoms of stomach bleeding, consult your doctor immediately.
It is also important to follow the instructions of your doctor. The dosage of this medication should be reduced gradually, and the pain relief will be increased gradually to minimize the risk of side effects. Do not exceed the recommended dose. Do not take more than one tablet per day. If you have an ulcer or bleeding ulcer, consult your doctor immediately.
It is also important to keep taking this medication as directed by your doctor. Ibuprofen should not be taken for more than 14 days.
The use of ibuprofen and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the management of acute pain has been associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal side effects. The current study aims to determine the relative contribution of NSAID use and ibuprofen and other agents to the risk of gastric ulcer and gastric cancer risk among patients receiving a single dose of 1 mg of ibuprofen and/or 1 mg of N-acetyl cysteine (NAc), compared to patients receiving a single dose of 1 mg of N-acetylcysteine. A total of 579 patients who received either a single dose of ibuprofen or N-acetylcysteine were assessed for each of the gastrointestinal side effects, and the relative risks of the gastrointestinal side effects for each NSAID were calculated. The relative risks of gastric ulcer and gastric cancer were not statistically different for the two NSAIDs, but gastric cancers were more frequent in patients receiving N-acetylcysteine. No statistically significant effect was observed on gastric cancer risk in patients receiving a single dose of ibuprofen and/or N-acetylcysteine, except for a trend toward increased risk for gastric cancer in patients receiving a single dose of N-acetylcysteine. Our findings suggest that an increased risk of gastric and gastric cancer is present in patients who receive a single dose of ibuprofen and/or N-acetylcysteine, which may be caused by an increased exposure to the other agents. The relative risks of gastric and gastric cancer among patients receiving a single dose of ibuprofen and/or N-acetylcysteine were not significantly different. NSAID use and ibuprofen and N-acetylcysteine increased risk of gastrointestinal side effects, including bleeding, gastric ulcer, and gastric cancer. The relative risks of gastric ulcer and gastric cancer for patients receiving a single dose of ibuprofen and/or N-acetylcysteine were not significantly different from patients receiving a single dose of N-acetylcysteine. In conclusion, the relative risks of gastric ulcer and gastric cancer observed in patients receiving a single dose of ibuprofen and/or N-acetylcysteine were not significantly different from patients receiving a single dose of ibuprofen and/or N-acetylcysteine.
Citation:Feng S, Huang S, Wang L, Huang D, Wu J, et al. (2020) Effects of Ibuprofen and N-acetylcysteine on the Risk of Gastric Ulcer and Gastric Cancer in Patients With Chronic Pain Associated with Acute Migraine. PLoS ONE 10(10): e0229957. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229957
Editor:Thomas C. Sorensen, University of California San Francisco, UNITED STATES
Received:January 4, 2020;Accepted:May 26, 2020;Published:May 29, 2020
Copyright:© 2020 Feng S, Huang S, Wang L. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Data Availability:All relevant data are within the manuscript and its files.
Funding:This work was supported by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and National Institutes of Health (NIH). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Competing interests:The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Acute migraine is a chronic, self-limited disease, that affects millions of patients worldwide. The disease presents with acute episodes of acute migraine, which can last for several weeks, and are characterized by chronic pain that is severe and potentially fatal. It is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The etiology of the acute migraine is often multifactorial and includes migraine-like symptoms (e.g. headache, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain).
Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used to treat pain, inflammation, and fever. It is a member of the class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These drugs work by blocking the production of prostaglandins, substances in the body that cause pain and inflammation. NSAIDs are often used for pain, fever, and swelling. Ibuprofen is one of the NSAIDs. Ibuprofen works by blocking the release of prostaglandins, substances that cause pain and inflammation. It can also reduce the production of chemicals in the body that cause pain and inflammation.
Ibuprofen is available over the counter, and can be purchased with a prescription from your doctor. It can also be purchased with a prescription from your pharmacist. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is available over the counter. It is used to treat pain, inflammation, and fever.
Ibuprofen is also available as an injection. It is available in the form of tablets or capsules. It is taken orally or injected directly into the body. The injection may be given by the doctor or a nurse. Ibuprofen can also be used to reduce the production of chemicals in the body that cause pain and inflammation.
Ibuprofen can also reduce the production of chemicals in the body that cause pain and inflammation.
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